• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention relates to a microphone for stringed instruments such as a guitar, a bass guitar or the like, comprising at least one ferromagnetic base (15), two coil supports (17) and (18) obtained in an electrically and magnetically insulating and integral with the base (15), each coil support (17,18) consisting of an upper plate (17a) and respectively (18a) and a lower plate (17b) and respectively (18b), interconnected by a spacer (19) and respectively (20), two coils (21, 22), the turns of the coils (21, 22) being wound around the spacers between the upper plates (17a, 18a) and lower ( 17b, 18b), each spacer having at least one through hole (25, 26), at least one pole piece (27) extending in the through-hole (25) of a first coil support (17) being contact with the base (15), said pole piece (27) being obtained in a mat ferromagnetic electrode, and at least one pin (29) obtained in a ferromagnetic or magnetized material, extending into the hole (26) of the second coil support (18) and bearing on the base (15); said microphone is remarkable in that it comprises at least one pad (32) consisting of a permanent magnet or a ferromagnetic material, said pad being removable and adapted to cooperate with the upper free end of said pin (29) so as to to change the flux of the magnetic field between the strings of the instrument and the microphone.
    公开号:CH711016A2
    申请号:CH00522/16
    申请日:2016-04-20
    公开日:2016-10-31
    发明作者:Duvoisin Jacques；Huguenin-Vuillemin Gérald
    申请人:Duvoisin Guitars Sa；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Technical area
    The present invention relates to the field of microphones for stringed instruments such as an electric guitar, an electric bass guitar or the like. It relates, more particularly, a winding microphone having means for changing the color of the sound.
    State of the art
    In the field of so-called electric guitars, it is well known so-called piezoelectric pickups, consisting of piezoelectric sensors, and so-called magnetic pickups single coil or double coil, commonly called "Humbucker", integral with the body on which are mounted the strings, the one or more microphones being positioned between the body of the guitar and the strings.
    The piezoelectric sensors consist of a thin rod or a ceramic or quartz chip for example which generates a potential difference at its terminals when it is deformed. This type of sensor is placed between the bridge and the soundboard. Unlike magnetic pickups, piezoelectric pickups do not require steel strings and are therefore generally used for acoustic guitars. These piezoelectric sensors have good characteristics including a high voltage; However, they have a high impedance so it is necessary to use short cables. In addition, the piezoelectric crystal ages poorly and fears heat and moisture so that for electric guitars with steel strings, it is generally preferred magnetic pickups.
    Unlike piezoelectric pickups whose output signal depends on the mechanical tension of the string, the magnetic pickups include solenoids, said coils, whose output signal depends on the movement of the string. There are basically two types of magnetic pickups, single coil pickups and humbucking pickups.
    A single-coil magnetic microphone is composed of a magnet, a coil traversed by the magnetic field of the magnet and a movable diaphragm, each chord of the guitar forming a movable diaphragm. The movements of the diaphragm modify the magnetic field induced by the magnet which then causes an electromotive force which results in an electrical variation, i.e. an electrical signal which is transmitted at least one cable to an amplifier. Such single coil magnetic microphones are described in US Pat. No. 2,612,541 in particular.
    US 2,612,541 discloses a single-coil magnetic microphone having a plurality of permanent magnets with telescopic sleeves, a coil, a core having a plurality of substantially parallel apertures, said permanent magnets extending into said core openings, a soft iron telescopic sleeve surrounding and substantially in contact with each magnet, each sleeve having a closed outer end and being adjustably mounted in said openings, means for retaining said sleeve in various adjustment positions relative to the coil form; a coil spring within said sleeve compressed between the end of each magnet and the closed end of the sleeve and means on said sleeve for deploying and retracting said sleeve.
    These single-coil magnetic microphones have the disadvantage of being sensitive to disturbing external magnetic fields such as stage lights, electrical transformers, fluorescent lamps, etc., thus producing an undesirable background noise.
    In order to overcome this disadvantage of background noise produced by external magnetic fields, the company Gibson has designed a magnetic micro-winding said "Humbucker". Such a double-coil magnetic micro is described in US Patent 2,896,491.
    US 2 896 491 describes a magnetic micro-winding said "Humbucker" consists of two single-coil pickups magnetically and electrically out of phase so that the signal of a first microphone cancels the noise of the second microphone . Said microphone consists of a base receiving a pole piece support, a shim and a magnet extending between the part support and the shim, two coils respectively mounted around a coil carrier, each coil carrier having a upper plate and a lower plate connected to each other by a spacer, said spacer having a plurality of through holes receiving cylindrical pins and respectively pole pieces in the form of screws to vary the height of the heads of the pole pieces by relative to the strings extending to the right of said pole pieces, and a hood covering the different pieces.
    This type of microphone is characterized by a rich sound in bass and midrange and a level of output generally higher than single-coil pickups. However, depending on the style of music that a user wants to play, this type of microphone has an inappropriate timbre and it is common for guitarists to change the guitar, and ultimately micro, to obtain different stamps.
    To remedy this drawback, we have already imagined guitars with interchangeable pickups. This is particularly the case of the French patent application FR 2 994 760.
    Document FR 2 994 760 describes an electric guitar equipped with an interchangeable microphone device comprising a body on which the strings are mounted, a ramp-shaped slide defining an internal space and passing under the strings, a device interchangeable microphone comprising a support plate comprising an upper face and a lower face, electrical contacts being arranged on said lower face, said contacts being arranged so that, in the operating position of said micro device they cooperate by touching with the means connection means associated with the slide and provide an electrical connection between the microphone and the electronic circuit, and at least one microphone positioned on the upper face of the support plate, said microphone being connected to the electrical contacts of said plate by connecting means.
    This type of device has the disadvantage of being particularly expensive and unreliable. Indeed, with time the electrical contacts can be damaged or simply wear out so that false contacts can appear.
    One of the aims of the invention is therefore to overcome these disadvantages by providing a microphone for string instrument, type "Humbucker", simple and inexpensive design and allowing a user to change, easily, ie without requiring disassembly of the microphone, and at will, the stamp of said microphone.
    Disclosure of the invention
    For this purpose and in accordance with the invention, there is provided a microphone for stringed instruments such as a guitar, a bass guitar or the like, comprising at least one ferromagnetic base, two coil supports obtained in an electrically powered material. and magnetically insulating and integral with the base, each coil support consisting of an upper plate and respectively and a bottom plate and respectively connected by a spacer, two coils, the turns of the coils being wound around spacers between the upper and lower plates, each spacer having at least one through hole, at least one pole piece extending in the through hole of a first coil holder being in contact with the base, said pole piece being obtained in a ferromagnetic material, and at least one pin obtained in a ferromagnetic material, extending into the hole of the s econd coil support and bearing on the base; said microphone is remarkable in that it comprises at least one removable permanent magnet adapted to cooperate with the upper free end of said pin to change the flow of the magnetic field between the strings of the instrument and the microphone.
    It is well understood that the permanent magnets can overcome one or more permanent magnets positioned on the base between the coil carriers unlike the magnetic pickups of the prior art. Furthermore, these cylindrical permanent magnets being removable and easy to access, the establishment and removal of these permanent magnets do not require complete disassembly of the microphone, it is possible to change the magnetic field flux, and ultimately the sound produced by the microphone, for each of the strings independently of each other by positioning a permanent magnet of coercive field and appropriate remanent induction.
    Preferably, said microphone comprises a plurality of permanent magnets, one for each string of the string instrument, each permanent magnet cooperating with a pawn.
    [0018] Incidentally, said microphone comprises a parallelepiped shaped cover, open at its lower end and whose upper face is provided with two rows of through holes, a first row of holes for the passage of the piece (s) polar (s), and a second row of holes allowing the passage of the upper ends of the pins. This cover protects the various elements of the microphone and more particularly the coils that are fragile.
    Furthermore, the upper face of the upper plate of the coil support receiving the pin or the upper face of the cover comprises at least one housing adapted to receive the permanent magnet.
    The positioning of the permanent magnets in the housing avoids inadvertent movement of the magnets, which would induce a fluctuation of the magnetic field flux, and therefore a fluctuation of the timbre of the sound emitted, during the game on the instrument .
    Preferably, the housing consists of a recess or countersink.
    In addition, the permanent magnet or magnets consist of cylindrical pellets. It will be noted that the cost of manufacturing permanent magnets in the form of cylindrical pellets is particularly low.
    The said permanent magnet (s) have a diameter just smaller than the internal diameter of the chamber (s) or countersinks.
    Advantageously, said microphone comprises at least one non-magnetic chassis adapted to receive the said permanent magnet or magnets, the outer diameter of said frame being just smaller than the internal diameter of said chambering or counterbores.
    The use of the frame allows a good positioning of the cylindrical permanent magnets in the countershaft or countersinks, more particularly for permanent magnets having an outer diameter less than the internal diameter of the recesses.Thus, it is possible to position different sizes of permanent magnets in the chambers or counterbores and to obtain different sound timbres.
    Each nonmagnetic frame consists of an annular ring of U-shaped radial section whose branches extend towards the center of the annular ring, the peripheral edge of the permanent magnet being able to be housed between the branches of the U-shaped ring. .
    According to an alternative embodiment of the microphone according to the invention, the or said pins comprise a central recess adapted to receive the said permanent magnet or magnets.
    This alternative embodiment also avoids inadvertent movement of the magnets, which would induce a fluctuation of the magnetic field flux, and therefore a fluctuation of the timbre of the sound emitted, during the game on the instrument.
    Said recess consists of a blind hole or a through hole.
    In addition, the permanent magnet or magnets are obtained in a hard magnetic material consisting of ferrites, alnico, neodymium or a combination of these materials.
    In an alternative embodiment, the invention relates to a microphone for stringed instruments such as a guitar, a bass guitar or the like, comprising at least one ferromagnetic base, two bobbin supports and obtained in an electrically powered material. and magnetically insulating and integral with the base, each coil support being constituted by an upper plate and respectively and a lower plate and respectively, connected to each other by a spacer and respectively, two coils, the coils of the coils being wound around the spacers between the upper and lower plates, each spacer having at least one through hole, at least one pole piece extending in the through hole of a first coil support being in contact with the base, said piece pole being obtained in a ferromagnetic material, at least one pin extending into the hole of the second coil support and bearing on the base, characterized in that said pin is constituted at least partially of a permanent magnet and in that it comprises at least one pellet obtained in a ferromagnetic material, said pellet being removable and able to cooperate with the upper free end of said pin.
    In this embodiment, the pin becomes the permanent magnet, and its magnetization may be total or partial over its length. Advantageously, the ferromagnetic pellet cooperating with the magnetic end of the pins can be chosen such that it has a diameter depending on the color the sound color that is desired to provide the microphone. Indeed, the polar pellet can be shaped so as to channel on the periphery the magnetic force lines or on the contrary by channeling the force lines on the center of the polar pellet.
    In an advantageous embodiment, the microphone of the invention comprises a plurality of pins, one for each rope of the rope instrument, each pin cooperating with a pellet.
    In one embodiment, the microphone comprises a parallelepiped shaped cover, open at its lower end and whose upper face is provided with two rows of through holes, a first row of holes for the passage of the room or rooms (s) polar (s), and a second row of holes allowing the passage of the upper ends of the pawns.
    In one embodiment, the upper face of the upper plate of the coil support receiving the pin or the upper face of the cover comprises at least one housing adapted to receive the chip, said housing being preferably constituted of a housing consists in a chambering or countersink.
    Brief description of the drawings
    Other details of the invention will emerge more clearly on reading the description which follows, made with reference to the appended drawings in which:<tb> fig. 1 <SEP> is a perspective representation of a so-called electric guitar comprising at least one magnetic pickup according to the invention,<tb> fig. 2 <SEP> is an exploded perspective view of a double-coil magnetic microl according to the invention,<tb> fig. 3 <SEP> is a schematic cross sectional view of a double-coil magnetic microl according to the invention,<tb> fig. 4 <SEP> is a schematic cross-sectional view of a first variant embodiment of the double-coil magnetic microl according to the invention,<tb> fig. 5 <SEP> is a schematic cross-sectional view of a second variant embodiment of the double-coil micro-magnetic device according to the invention,<tb> fig. 6 <SEP> is a schematic cross-sectional view of a third embodiment variant of the double-coil magnetic microl according to the invention.
    Embodiment of the invention
    Hereinafter will be described a magnetic double coil according to the invention for an electric guitar; however it is obvious that the magnetic microphone could be used for any type of stringed instrument such as a bass guitar, a violin, or the like without departing from the scope of the invention.
    Referring to FIG. 1, two magnetic pickups 1 according to the invention are shown as being incorporated in an electric guitar 2 comprising a body 3, a handle 4 and a head 5. The body 3 which is shown as being of the quarter-deck type, although it can be of full or half-box type, has a substantially flat top surface commonly called table 6, said table 6 can receive incidentally a decoration 7 shown in dashed lines in FIG. 1. Six guitar strings 8a to 8F, ferromagnetic, generally of steel or the like, are mounted under tension above the table 6 and the handle 4 between the head 5 and a bridge 9 secured to said table 6, said strings 8a to 8f being tensioned between the tuning screws 10a respectively 10f integral with the head 5 of the guitar and the bridge 9 bearing on a first nut 11 secured to the table 6.
    In this particular embodiment, the table 6 is flat or substantially flat; However, it is obvious that the table 6 may have any shape such as a concave or convex shape for example without departing from the scope of the invention.
    Furthermore, the ropes 8a to 8f diverge from the head 5 towards the table 6 so that they are much more spaced apart at the first nut 11 integral with the table 6 than they are at the level of a second nut 12 which is disposed at the junction between the handle 4 and the head 5. The microphones 1 are integral with the table 6 and extend under the ropes 8a to 8f.
    In addition, the guitar 2 has potentiometer knobs 13, commonly called knobs, connected to microphones 1 and for varying the volume and / or the tone of the microphones, and a selector 14 microphones 1 in order to select one and / or the other of the microphones 1.
    [0042] Referring to FIGS. 2 and 3, each microphone 1 consists of a base 15 in the form of a rectangular metal plate, possibly provided with fixing lugs 16 extending from two opposite sides of said base 15, and obtained from a material ferromagnetic.
    It will be observed that the fastening tabs 16 may be obtained in a ferromagnetic material, in which case said fixing lugs 16 and the base will preferably be obtained in one piece, or be obtained in a non-ferromagnetic material without depart from the scope of the invention.
    The upper face of the base 15 receives two coil supports 17 and 18 obtained in an electrically and magnetically insulating material such as plastic for example, each coil support 17,18 consisting of an upper plate 17a and respectively 18a and a lower plate 17b and 18b, respectively, said upper plates 17a, 18a and lower 17b, 18b being of substantially rectangular shape whose corners are rounded, interconnected by a spacer 19 and respectively 20 of substantially parallelepiped shape . These coil supports 17 and 18 respectively receive a coil 21 and 22, which forms a solenoid, consisting of a large number of turns of a conductive wire comprising an insulating layer, between 5000 and 10000 turns of a single wire. a diameter usually between 0.04 and 0.12 mm, said turns being wound around the spacer 19, 20 between the upper plates 17a, 18a and lower 17b, 18b. Note that the diameter of the wire constituting the turns of the coils and the number of turns of the coils directly affect the impedance of the microphone and ultimately the sound color produced by the microphone and the skilled person will not no particular difficulty to adapt the number of turns and / or the diameter of the wire according to the sound color of the sought microphone. Said coil supports 17, 18 are secured to the base 15, by any appropriate means, such as by screws, not shown in the figures, passing through the spacers 19, 20 and cooperating with corresponding threaded holes 23 and 24, whereby said coil supports 17, 18 extend substantially parallel.
    Furthermore, each coil support 17, 18 has a row of through holes 25 and 26 respectively, said through holes 25 and 26 extending parallel through the spacers 19, 20 from the upper plates 17a, 18a up to the lower plates 17b, 18b, the axes of the through holes 25 and 26 extending perpendicularly to said upper plates 17a, 18a and lower 17b, 18b. These through holes 25 and 26 receive pole pieces 27 in the form of screws obtained in a ferromagnetic material and cooperating with threaded holes 28 formed in the base 15 and cylindrical pins 29 respectively obtained in a ferromagnetic material.
    These pole pieces 27 have a length greater than the thickness of the coil support 17 so that the heads 30 of said pole pieces 27 protrude above the upper plate 17a of the coil support 17. The height of these pole pieces 27, and therefore the distance separating the heads 30 of these pole pieces 27 with the ropes 8a to 8f, can be adjusted by turning them by means of a screwdriver for example.
    The cylindrical pins 29 bear on the base 15 and have a length slightly less than the thickness of the coil carrier 18 so that the upper end of said pins 29 is slightly set back from the upper plate 18a of the coil support 18.
    In this embodiment, the pins 29, and the through holes 26 in which they extend, have a circular cross section; however, it is obvious that the pins 29 and the holes 26 may have a cross section of any shape, such as a square section, hexagonal, ovoid, etc. without departing from the scope of the invention.
    In addition, the upper face of the upper plate 18a of the coil carrier 18 comprises cylindrical chambers 31 coaxial with the holes 26 of the coil carrier 18 and in which are positioned permanent cylindrical magnets 32, said cylindrical permanent magnets 32 are presenting in the form of pellets. These permanent magnets 32 may be obtained in any known hard magnetic material such as ferrites, alnico, neodymium or a combination of these materials for example. These cylindrical permanent magnets 32 may have any diameter and / or height depending on the intensity of the desired magnetic field. It will be noted that these cylindrical permanent magnets 32 positioned in chamberings 31 make it possible to dispense with one or more permanent magnets positioned on the base between the coil supports, unlike the magnetic microphones of the prior art. Moreover, these permanent cylindrical magnets 32 being removable and easy to access, the establishment and removal of these permanent magnets 32 does not require complete disassembly of the microphone, it is possible to modify the magnetic field flux, and in the timbre of the sound produced by the microphone, for each of the strings 8a to 8f independently of each other by positioning a permanent magnet 32 of coercive field and appropriate remanent induction, the coercive field and the material-dependent residual induction in which is obtained the magnet and dimensions of the latter, in the recess 31 corresponding to a rope.
    In addition, and incidentally, each microphone 1 comprises a cap 33 of parallelepiped shape whose upper face is provided with two rows of through holes, a first row 34 of holes for the passage of the heads 30 of the pole pieces 27 and a second row 35 holes for the passage of the upper ends of the permanent magnets 32. Said cover 33 is obtained in a non-magnetic and insulating material, such as plastic for example, or in non-magnetic metal, said cover 33 can then have on its walls an insulating layer such as paraffin for example.
    The upper face of the cover 33 comprises cylindrical chambers 31 coaxial with the holes 35 of the second row and in which are positioned cylindrical permanent magnets 32, said permanent cylindrical magnets 32 in the form of pellets. These permanent magnets 32 may be obtained in any known hard magnetic material such as ferrites, alnico, neodymium or a combination of these materials for example. These cylindrical permanent magnets 32 may have any diameter and / or height depending on the intensity of the desired magnetic field. It will be noted that these cylindrical permanent magnets 32 positioned in chamberings 31 make it possible to dispense with one or more permanent magnets positioned on the base between the coil supports, unlike the magnetic microphones of the prior art. Moreover, these permanent cylindrical magnets 32 being removable and easy to access, the establishment and removal of these permanent magnets 32 does not require complete disassembly of the microphone, it is possible to modify the magnetic field flux, and in the timbre of the sound produced by the microphone, for each of the strings 8a to 8f independently of each other by positioning a permanent magnet 32 of coercive field and appropriate remanent induction, the coercive field and the material-dependent residual induction in which is obtained the magnet and dimensions of the latter, in the recess 31 corresponding to a rope.
    It is obvious that the chamberings 31 may be substituted by countersinks, in which case the upper face of the permanent magnets 32 will be flush with the upper face of the cover 33.
    According to a first variant embodiment, with reference to FIG. 4, each microphone 1 is constituted, in the same manner as above, a base 15 in the form of a rectangular metal plate, possibly provided with fixing lugs 16 extending from two opposite sides of said base 15 , and obtained in a ferromagnetic material. The upper face of the base 15 receives two coil supports 17 and 18 obtained in an electrically and magnetically insulating material such as plastic for example, each coil support 17, 18 consisting of an upper plate 17a and 18a and 18a respectively. a bottom plate 17b and 18b, respectively, said upper plates 17a, 18a and lower 17b, 18b being of substantially rectangular shape whose corners are rounded, interconnected by a spacer 19 and respectively 20 of substantially parallelepiped shape. These coil supports 17 and 18 respectively receive a coil 21 and 22, which forms a solenoid, consisting of a large number of turns of a conductive wire comprising an insulating layer, between 5000 and 10000 turns of a single wire. a diameter usually between 0.04 and 0.12 mm, said turns being wound around the spacer 19, 20 between the upper plates 17a, 18a and lower 17b, 18b. Said coil supports 17, 18 are secured to the base 15, by any appropriate means, such as screws passing through the spacers 19, 20 and cooperating with corresponding threaded holes 23 and 24, so that said supports coil 17, 18 extend substantially parallel.
    Furthermore, each coil support 17, 18 comprises a row of through holes 25 and 26 respectively, said through holes 25 and 26 extending parallel through the spacers 19, 20 from the upper plates 17a, 18a up to the lower plates 17b, 18b, the axes of the through holes 25 and 26 extending perpendicularly to said upper plates 17a, 18a and lower 17b, 18b. These through holes 25 and 26 receive pole pieces 27 in the form of screws obtained in a ferromagnetic material and cooperating with threaded holes 28 formed in the base 15 and cylindrical pins 29 respectively obtained in a ferromagnetic material.
    These pole pieces 27 have a length greater than the thickness of the coil support 17 so that the heads 30 of said pole pieces 27 protrude above the upper plate 17a of the coil carrier. The height of these pole pieces 27, and therefore the distance between the heads 30 of these pole pieces 27 with the ropes 8a to 8f, can be adjusted by turning them by means of a screwdriver for example.
    The cylindrical pins 29 bear on the base 15 and also have a length slightly greater than the thickness of the coil holder 18 so that the upper end of said pins 29 is slightly protruding from the upper plate 18a of the coil support 18.
    In addition, each micro 1 comprises a hood 33 of parallelepiped shape whose upper face is provided with two rows of through holes, a first row 34 of holes for the passage of the heads of the pole pieces 27 and a second row 35 of holes allowing the passage of the upper ends of the cylindrical pins 29. Said cover 33 is obtained in a non-magnetic and preferably insulating material, such as plastic for example, or in non-magnetic metal.
    The microphone 1 differs from that described above in that the countershafts 31 or countersinks are not made on the upper face of the upper plate 18a of the coil support 18 but on the upper face of the cover 33, said counterbores 31 or countersinks then being coaxial with the holes 35 of the second row of said cover 33.
    According to a second variant, with reference to FIG. 5, in order to allow a good positioning of the cylindrical permanent magnets 32 in the chamberings 31 or countersinks, more particularly for permanent magnets 32 having an outer diameter less than the internal diameter of the recesses 31, the microphone according to the invention comprises a non-magnetic chassis adapted to receive said permanent magnets 32 and being in the form of annular rings 36 of U-shaped radial section and whose branches extend towards the center of the crown, the peripheral edge of the magnets coming to be housed between the branches of the U forming the annular rings, after plastic deformation of said branches of the U. Thus, it is possible to position different sizes of permanent magnets 35 in the chamberings 31 or countersinks, the outer diameter of the annular rings 36 being just smaller than the internal diameter counterboring 30 or countersinks so that said annular rings 36 stent perfectly.
    Note that, in order to remove the permanent magnets 32 chambers 31, but also to position said permanent magnets 32 in the recesses 31, we can use a permanent magnet in the form of a rod, not shown on the FIGS, of opposite polarity to that of the cylindrical permanent magnets 32 and preferably having a magnetic induction higher than that of the cylindrical permanent magnets 32. For the introduction of the permanent magnets 32 in the chambers 31, a first permanent magnet 32 at the end of the rod forming the tool, then the permanent magnet 32 is placed in the recess 31 and, finally, the rod forming the tool is slid laterally, ie parallel to the upper surface of the permanent magnet 32 until the rod is no longer in the magnetic field of said permanent magnet. For the removal of the permanent magnets 32 chamberings 31, is brought into contact with one of the ends of the rod forming the tool with the upper face of the permanent magnet 32, then said rod is tilted before moving vertically, ie perpendicular to the table 6 of the guitar.
    According to a third variant embodiment, with reference to FIG. 6, each microphone 1 is constituted, in the same manner as above, a base 15 in the form of a rectangular metal plate, possibly provided with fixing lugs 16 extending from two opposite sides of said base 15 , and obtained in a ferromagnetic material. The upper face of the base 15 receives two coil supports 17 and 18 obtained in an electrically and magnetically insulating material such as plastic for example, each coil support 17, 18 consisting of an upper plate 17a and 18a and 18a respectively. a bottom plate 17b and 18b, respectively, said upper plates 17a, 18a and lower 17b, 18b being of substantially rectangular shape whose corners are rounded, interconnected by a spacer 19 and respectively 20 of substantially parallelepiped shape. These coil supports 17 and 18 respectively receive a coil 21 and 22, which forms a solenoid, consisting of a large number of turns of a conductive wire comprising an insulating layer, between 5000 and 10000 turns of a single wire. a diameter usually between 0.04 and 0.12 mm, said turns being wound around the spacer 19, 20 between the upper plates 17a, 18a and lower 17b, 18b. Said coil supports 17, 18 are secured to the base 15, by any appropriate means, such as screws passing through the spacers 19, 20 and cooperating with corresponding threaded holes 23 and 24, so that said supports coil 17,18 extend substantially parallel.
    Furthermore, each coil support 17, 18 has a row of through holes 25 and 26 respectively, said through holes 25 and 26 extending parallel through the spacers 19, 20 from the upper plates 17a, 18a up to the lower plates 17b, 18b, the axes of the through holes 25 and 26 extending perpendicular to said upper plates 17a, 18a and lower 17b, 18b. These through holes 25 and 26 receive pole pieces 27 in the form of screws obtained in a ferromagnetic material and cooperating with threaded holes 28 formed in the base 15 and cylindrical pins 29 respectively obtained in a ferromagnetic material.
    These pole pieces 27 have a length greater than the thickness of the coil support 17 so that the heads 30 of said pole pieces 27 protrude above the upper plate 17a of the coil support 17. The height of these pole pieces 27, and therefore the distance separating the heads 30 of these pole pieces 27 with the ropes 8a to 8f, can be adjusted by turning them by means of a screwdriver for example.
    The cylindrical pins 29 bear on the base 15 and also have a length slightly greater than the thickness of the coil holder 18 so that the upper end of said pins 29 is slightly protruding from the upper plate 18a of the coil support 18.
    [0065] Incidentally, each microphone comprises a parallelepiped shaped cover 33 whose upper face is provided with two rows of through holes, a first row 34 of holes for the passage of the heads 30 of the pole pieces 27 and a second row 35 of holes. allowing the passage of the upper ends of the cylindrical pins 29. Said cover 33 is obtained in a non-magnetic and preferably insulating material, such as plastic for example, or in non-magnetic metal.
    The microphone 1 differs from that described above in that the cylindrical pins 29 comprise a central recess 37 adapted to receive a cylindrical permanent magnet 32 of external diameter just smaller than the internal diameter of the central recess 37 and height substantially equal to the depth of the central recess 37, the upper face of the cover 33 or the upper plate 18a of the coil support 18 then not including counterboring 31 or countersinks. It will be observed that the permanent magnets 32 may extend totally or partially into the central recesses 37 without departing from the scope of the invention.
    The central recesses 37 consist either of blind holes, as shown in FIG. 6, or through holes, not shown in the figures.
    These permanent magnets 32 can be obtained in any known hard magnetic material such as ferrites, alnico, neodymium or a combination of these materials for example. These cylindrical permanent magnets 32 positioned in the central recesses 37 make it possible to dispense with one or more permanent magnets positioned on the base 15 between the coil supports 17, 18 unlike the magnetic microphones of the prior art. Moreover, these permanent cylindrical magnets 32 being removable and easy to access, the establishment and removal of these permanent magnets 32 does not require complete disassembly of the microphone, it is possible to modify the magnetic field flux, and in the timbre of the sound produced by the microphone, for each of the strings 8a to 8f independently of each other by positioning a permanent magnet 32 coercive field and appropriate remanent induction in the central recess 37 corresponding to a string, the field coercive and the remanent induction dependent on the material in which the magnet is obtained as well as dimensions of the latter.
    Incidentally, it will be noted that the permanent magnets 32 may comprise a head bearing on the upper face of the upper plate 18a of the coil support 18 or on the upper face of the cover 33 without departing from the scope of the invention. .
    The invention has previously been described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6 according to a first preferred embodiment in which the microphone comprises pins 29 of ferromagnetic material cooperating with permanent magnets 32 cylindrical and removable head of the pins 29 without disassembly of the microphone. However, in an alternative embodiment not shown in the figures, the microphone of the invention may also comprise pins 29 formed at least partially of a permanent magnet then cooperating with pellets 32 this time ferromagnetic material deposited in the chambers 31 on the heads of pawns 29.
    In such an embodiment, the pins 29 may be magnetized over all or part of their length and / or their diameter as long as they exert sufficient magnetic attraction on the ferromagnetic polar pellets 32 so as to maintain them in the chambers 31.
    Furthermore, the pellets 32 may be chosen or shaped such that it has a diameter depending on the color the sound color that is desired to provide the microphone, in particular so as to channel on their periphery the lines of magnetic forces or on the contrary by channeling the lines of forces on the center of the polar pellet.
    权利要求:
    Claims (18)
    [1]
    1. Microphone for stringed instruments (8a to 8f) such as a guitar, a bass guitar or the like, comprising at least one ferromagnetic base (15), two coil supports (17) and (18) obtained in an electrically powered material and magnetically insulating and integral with the base (15), each coil support (17,18) consisting of an upper plate (17a) and respectively (18a) and a lower plate (17b) and respectively (18b ), interconnected by a spacer (19) and respectively (20), two coils (21, 22), the turns of the coils (21, 22) being wound around the spacers (19, 20) between the upper plates ( 17a, 18a) and lower (17b, 18b), each spacer (19,20) having at least one through-hole (25, 26), at least one pole piece (27) extending into the through-hole (25) of a first coil support (17) being in contact with the base (15), said pole piece (27) being obtained from a material ferromagnetic material, and at least one pin (29) obtained in a ferromagnetic material, extending into the hole (26) of the second coil support (18) and bearing on the base (15), characterized in that comprises at least one removable permanent magnet (32) capable of cooperating with the upper free end of said pin (29) in order to modify the flux of the magnetic field between the strings (8a to 8f) of the instrument and the microphone.
    [2]
    2. The microphone of claim 1 characterized in that it comprises a plurality of permanent magnets (32), one for each rope (8a to 8f) of the rope instrument, each permanent magnet (32) cooperating with a pawn (29).
    [3]
    3. Microphone according to any one of claims 1 or 2 characterized in that it comprises a cap (33) of parallelepiped shape, open at its lower end and whose upper face is provided with two rows of through holes, a first row (34) of holes for the passage of the pole piece (s) (27), and a second row (35) of holes for the passage of the upper ends of the pins (29).
    [4]
    4. Micro according to any one of claims 1 to 3 characterized in that the upper face of the upper plate (18a) of the coil carrier (18) receiving the pin (29) or the upper face of the cover (33) comprises at least one housing adapted to receive the permanent magnet (32).
    [5]
    5. Micro according to claim 3 characterized in that the housing consists of a recess (31) or countersink.
    [6]
    6. Microphone according to any one of claims 1 to 5 characterized in that the permanent magnet (s) (32) consist of cylindrical pellets.
    [7]
    7. Micro according to claim 6 characterized in that the permanent magnet or magnets (32) have a diameter just smaller than the internal diameter of the chamber (s) (31) or countersinks.
    [8]
    8. Micro according to claim 6 characterized in that it comprises at least one non-magnetic chassis adapted to receive the said permanent magnet (s) (32), the outer diameter of said frame (36) being just smaller than the internal diameter of said chamber (s) (31) or counterbores.
    [9]
    9. Micro according to claim 8 characterized in that each nonmagnetic frame consists of an annular ring (36) of U-shaped radial section whose branches extend towards the center of the annular ring (36), the peripheral edge of the permanent magnet (32) being able to be housed between the branches of the U.
    [10]
    10. Microphone according to any one of claims 1 or 2 characterized in that said one or more pins (29) comprise a central recess (37) adapted to receive said permanent magnet (s) (32).
    [11]
    11. The microphone of claim 10 characterized in that said central recess (37) consists of a blind hole.
    [12]
    12. Micro according to claim 10 characterized in that said central recess (37) consists of a through hole.
    [13]
    13. Microphone according to any one of claims 1 to 12 characterized in that the permanent magnet (s) (32) are obtained in a hard magnetic material consisting of ferrites, alnico, neodymium or a combination of these materials. .
    [14]
    14. Microphone for stringed instruments (8a to 8f) such as a guitar, a bass guitar or the like, comprising at least one ferromagnetic base (15), two coil supports (17) and (18) obtained in an electrically powered material and magnetically insulating and integral with the base (15), each coil support (17,18) consisting of an upper plate (17a) and respectively (18a) and a lower plate (17b) and respectively (18b ), interconnected by a spacer (19) and respectively (20), two coils (21, 22), the turns of the coils (21, 22) being wound around the spacers (19, 20) between the upper plates ( 17a, 18a) and lower (17b, 18b), each spacer (19,20) having at least one through-hole (25, 26), at least one pole piece (27) extending into the through-hole (25) of a first coil support (17) being in contact with the base (15), said pole piece (27) being obtained in a material at the ferromagnetic, at least one pin (29) extending in the hole (26) of the second coil support (18) and bearing on the base (15), characterized in that said pin (29) is constituted by less partially of a permanent magnet and in that it comprises at least one pad (32) obtained in a ferromagnetic material, said pad (32) being removable and adapted to cooperate with the upper free end of said pin (29).
    [15]
    15. Microphone according to claim 14, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of pins (29), one for each string (8a to 8f) of the string instrument, each pin (29) cooperating with a patch (32). ).
    [16]
    16. Micro according to any one of claims 14 or 15 characterized in that it comprises a cap (33) of parallelepiped shape, open at its lower end and whose upper face is provided with two rows of through holes, a first row (34) of holes for the passage of the pole piece (s) (27), and a second row (35) of holes for the passage of the upper ends of the pins (29).
    [17]
    17. Micro according to any one of claims 14 to 16 characterized in that the upper face of the upper plate (18a) of the coil carrier (18) receiving the pin (29) or the upper face of the cover (33) comprises at least one housing adapted to receive the tablet (32).
    [18]
    18. The microphone of claim 17 characterized in that the housing consists of a recess (31) or a counterbore.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CH710985A1|2016-10-31|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US3983778A|1974-08-21|1976-10-05|William Bartolini|High asymmetry variable reluctance pickup system for steel string musical instruments|
    US5111728A|1990-09-06|1992-05-12|Dimarzio Musical Instrument Pickups, Inc.|Electromagnetic pickup device for electrical string musical instruments|
    GB2311160B|1996-03-15|2000-07-26|Christopher Ian Kinman|Transducer for a stringed musical instrument|
    US8344236B2|2009-11-04|2013-01-01|Adam Eugene Mayes|Polyphonic guitar pickup|
    US8853517B1|2010-11-05|2014-10-07|George J. Dixon|Musical instrument pickup incorporating engineered ferromagnetic materials|
    US8415551B1|2009-11-05|2013-04-09|George J. Dixon|Composite pole piece musical instrument pickup|
    US8946537B2|2013-06-20|2015-02-03|Gil Yaron|Electromagnetic transducer for stringed instrument|
    法律状态:
    2016-12-15| PFA| Name/firm changed|Owner name: DUVOISIN GUITARS SA, CH Free format text: FORMER OWNER: DUVOISIN GUITARS SA, CH |
    2019-06-14| NV| New agent|Representative=s name: BOVARD SA NEUCHATEL CONSEILS EN PROPRIETE INTE, CH |
    2019-11-15| AZW| Rejection (application)|
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    CH00541/15A|CH710985A1|2015-04-20|2015-04-20|Microphone for stringed instrument.|
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